Cordyceps prolifica Kobayasi ツブノセミタケ

　Sagara Takayama (pinceaux)　& Shôichi Yoshimi 1986

Cordyceps prolifica Kobayasi ツブノセミタカ

Taxinomie

Diagnose princeps: in Kobayasi, Y.; Shimizu, D., 1963, Bulletin of the National Science Museum, Tokyo 6: 289

Classification: Cordyceps s. l., Incertae Sedis, Hypocreales, Hypocreomycetidae, Sordariomycetes, Pezizomycotina, Ascomycota, Fungi

Localité du Type: Mt. Ryogami, Chichibu, Département de Saïtama, Japon

Cordyceps prolifica Y. Kobayasi sp. nov.
Mycelia hospitem non contegentia, sed in corpore sclerotium formantia; sclerotio carnoso, albo vel partim fuscato e hyphis et cellulis globosis vel ellpsoideis composito, hyphis 2-5 µm crassis, septatis, ramosis guttulatis. Stroma e capite vel thorace hospitis oriunda, 5-30 cm in altitudine, e stipite hypogeo perenniale et parte fertile epigea composita; parte fertie prima deciduosa terminale, sed secundale lateraliter oriunda. Stipes homogeneus 6-35 cm longus, rhizoideus gracile columnalis coriaceus 1 mm et ultra in crassus, tortuosus curvatus, irregulariter foveolatus, glabrus fuscatus, basi crassioris 1.5 mm in diam., partim mycelis fuscatis contegentibus; cortice distincto 50-60 µm crasso, ochraceo e hyphis 2.5 µm crassis tenuiparietalibus ramosis septatis composito; medulla e "skeletal hyphae et interweaving hyphae" constructa. Partes fer ties primo terminales, secundo laterales, assurgentes singulales, vel bini vel terni ordinatae, plerumque subulatae aut lanceolatae interdum columnales vel linea res, raro deformatae 1.5-3 cm longae, superne griseae vel ochraceae, constitutione ut in stipite, apice saepe partem sterilem praeditae. Perithecia superficialia, gregaria in parte media, sparsa in parte cetera, interdum irregulariter distributa, ovoidea vel ellpsoidea, basi truncata, 550-580 X 300-310 µm, pallide cinereofuscata. ostiolis non protrudentia, pariete 30-40 µm crasso. Asci 400 X 5-6 µm, capitibus 3.5 µm in diam. Articuli ascosporarum breve cylindracei, utrinque truncati 1.5 X 1 µm.

　Photo Masana Izawa. Spécimen à stipe court, 23.08.87, Miyagi　Daïtôdaké 宮城県大東岳

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Mycelial mass occupying the inner part of host body, whitish fleshy or partly brownish, composed of hyphae which are densely entangled, 2-5 µm in thickness, septate, somewhat branched, containing many oil drops, mingled with globose or ellpsoid cells containing oil drops. Host body almost naked, without distinct mycelial mat.

Stromata arising from head or thorax of the underground nymphs of cicadae of 5-30 cm in depth, composed of hypogaeous stalk and epigaeous fertile part; hypogaeeous stalk perennial, commonly single and simple, epigaeous part primarily terminal deciduous and the secondary fertile part arising laterally just beneath the apex of stalk.

Stalks homogeneous, 6-35 cm in total length, upper part several centimeters emerging on the ground, rhizoidal, thin columnar, compact coriaceous, 1 mm or more slender, tortuous curved, irregularly foveolate, glabrous brown, rarely with short branches or divided, thicker at base, 1.5 mm in diameter, partly covered with grayish brown mycelia.

Cortex of upper part of stalks distinct, externally reddish brown, almost glabrous, 50-60 µm thick, ochraceous in section, composed of entangled hyphae, partly fragile, with uneven surface; hyphae 2.5 µm in thickness, thin-walled, branched, septate, non-inflated or somewhat inflated, wall with many granules which do not dissolve in 10% KOH solution.

Medulla of stalks compact, composed of somewhat skeletal hyphae mingled with thin (less than 1µm) interweaving hyphae, adjacent region to cortex denser, darker; skeletal hyphae non-inflated, somewhat thick-walled, hyaline, sparingly septate, without clamp, 2.5-3.5 µm thick.

Morphologie

Stroma: Stromata souvent unique avec parties latérales habituellement ramifiées, cylindriques à lancéolées, 5-30 cm, émergeant de la tête ou du Editerthorax de nymphes de cigales enfouies à 5-30 cm de profondeur dans la terre. Stipe mince et cylindrique, partiellement hypogé, émergeant du sol. La partie hypogée est pérenne tandis que les parties épigées (y compris la partie fertile) sont souvent caduques. Région fertile unique à 2 ou 3 disposées côte à côte, ostiole non visible, gris ou beige.

Périthèces: diversement répartis, superficiels, ovoïdes ou ellipsoïdes avec la base tronquée, de couleur gris cendré à brun, 500-580 x 300-310 µm.

Asques: cylindriques, 400 x 5-6 µm, avec opercule apical (3,5 µm de diamètre).

Ascospores: spores secondaires courtes et cylindriques, tronquées aux deux extrémités, 1.5 X 1 µm.

Ecologie

Hôte: sur nymphe de cigale

Distribution: Japon

References

Kobayasi, Y, Shimizu D.  1963.  Monographic studies of Cordyceps 2. Group parasitic on Cicadae. Bulletin of the National Science Museum, Tokyo,. 6:286-314.